When parents divorce or separate, one of the most important aspects to resolve is physical custody, which determines where the child(ren) will live, and how time will be shared between parents. Choosing the right physical custody arrangement helps support the child’s stability and well-being while setting clear expectations for both parents.
In this post, we’ll break down the main options for physical custody, including sole physical custody and joint physical custody, along with two commonly used schedules for shared custody.
What Is Physical Custody?
Physical custody refers to the actual physical care and supervision of a child. It determines where the child(ren) will live and which parent is responsible for the day-to-day needs of the child(ren). Physical custody is separate from legal custody, which involves decision-making authority.
There are two primary types of physical custody:
- Sole Physical Custody
- Joint Physical Custody
Each has variations depending on what works best for the child(ren) and the family’s unique circumstances.
Option #1:
Sole Physical Custody
In a sole physical custody arrangement, the child(ren) primarily lives with one parent (referred to as the “custodial parent”), while the other parent typically has visitation rights.
This type of custody may be appropriate when:
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One parent lives far away or has an inconsistent schedule
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There are concerns about the child(ren)’s safety or stability
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The parents agree that one home environment is best for the child(ren)
Even in sole physical custody cases, the non-custodial parent often receives scheduled parenting time, such as weekends, holidays, or school breaks.
Option #2:
Joint Physical Custody
Joint physical custody means the child(ren) spends significant time living with both parents. It does not always mean an exact 50/50 split, but the schedule should allow both parents meaningful time with the child(ren).
Two of the most common joint custody schedules are alternating weeks and the 2-2-3 schedule.
Scenario #1:
Alternating Weeks
In this schedule, the child(ren) lives with each parent on a weekly rotation.
This setup offers extended time in each home, allowing for consistency in routines. It works best when:
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Parents live close to each other and to the child(ren)’s school
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Both parents have similar parenting styles and good communication
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The child(ren) can adjust well to a weekly change in households
Scenario #2:
2-2-3 Schedule
The 2-2-3 custody schedule allows for more frequent transitions between households and ensures both parents see the child regularly throughout the week.
This schedule works well for:
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Younger children who benefit from frequent contact with both parents
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Parents who live near each other
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Co-parents who communicate well and can manage frequent hand-offs
Which Physical Custody Option Is Right for You?
Choosing between sole and joint physical custody depends on several factors:
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The child(ren)’s age(s) and needs
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Each parent’s availability and location
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The level of cooperation and communication between co-parents
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What arrangement best supports the child(ren)’s emotional and physical well-being
Create a Parenting Plan That Works
Whether you choose sole or joint physical custody, a clear and detailed parenting plan is essential. It reduces confusion, prevents conflict, and provides stability for your child.
Need help drafting your parenting plan?
Check out our Child Custody Parenting Plan Template, complete with:
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Sole, joint, and shared legal custody options
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Customizable physical custody schedules
- Language that’s ready for use in court or negotiation
Click below to purchase the Child Custody Parenting Plan Template, which includes Sole and Joint Physical Custody options.
Physical custody is one of the most important decisions you'll make in your parenting plan. By understanding your options and using a reliable custody schedule, you can create a plan that supports your child and simplifies co-parenting for both of you.
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